AAC Cable (All Aluminium Conductor) is a type of electrical conductor used primarily in overhead power transmission and distribution. Unlike ACSR or AAAC cables, AAC cables are made from pure aluminium strands without any steel core. Their lightweight, high conductivity, and corrosion resistance make them a preferred choice in urban power grids, coastal installations, and short-distance power lines.
Key Features of AAC Cable
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Material | 100% EC-grade aluminium (Electrical Conductivity grade) |
| Conductivity | ~61% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard) |
| Weight | Lightweight and easy to install |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent, especially in coastal or industrial polluted areas |
| Strength | Suitable for short spans; lacks steel core used in longer span applications |
| Application | Overhead power lines, especially in cities or coastal regions |
AAC Cable Construction
AAC cable is constructed from multiple strands of hard-drawn aluminium wires twisted in concentric layers. This structure provides:
- Excellent flexibility
- Uniform current distribution
- Minimal skin effect at high frequencies
AAC cables are available in various sizes and strand configurations, including standard types like:
- Ant
- Gnat
- Swan
- Mole
- Rabbit
- Raccoon
Benefits of Using AAC Cable
✅ High Conductivity
AAC cables offer better electrical conductivity per unit weight than ACSR or AAAC, making them more efficient for short-distance transmission.
✅ Lightweight & Cost-Effective
Their lower density compared to copper or steel-reinforced conductors makes AAC ideal for low-tension applications, where mechanical strength is not critical.
✅ Excellent Corrosion Resistance
Being non-magnetic and corrosion-resistant, AAC performs well in humid, coastal, or industrial areas.
✅ Eco-Friendly
Aluminium is 100% recyclable, making AAC cables a sustainable choice for modern electrical infrastructure.
Applications of AAC Cable
AAC cables are primarily used for:
- Urban Distribution Networks: Low mechanical stress and short spans make AAC ideal for inner-city overhead lines.
- Coastal Installations: Their corrosion resistance is crucial in marine environments.
- Temporary Power Setups: Their ease of installation and dismantling make AAC cables suitable for construction sites or emergency power systems.
- Railway Electrification Projects: Where low tensile strength is sufficient but high conductivity is necessary.
AAC Cable vs ACSR vs AAAC
| Property | AAC (All Aluminium) | ACSR (Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced) | AAAC (All Aluminium Alloy Conductor) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conductivity | High | Medium | Medium |
| Strength | Low | High (steel core) | Medium |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent | Moderate (steel susceptible) | Good |
| Weight | Light | Heavier due to steel | Medium |
| Cost | Lower | Higher | Medium |
| Usage | Urban, coastal, short spans | Long spans, rural, high voltage | Medium spans, suburban |
Types of AAC Cable (By Name & Code)
| Name | Nominal Area (mm²) | Stranding | Approx. Weight (kg/km) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ant | 34.37 | 6/1.70 | 94 |
| Gnat | 63.55 | 6/2.59 | 174 |
| Swan | 100 | 6/3.35 | 272 |
| Mole | 120 | 6/3.70 | 325 |
| Rabbit | 232 | 7/4.88 | 630 |
| Raccoon | 397.5 | 19/3.66 | 1070 |
Note: Figures may vary based on manufacturer and standards.
Industry Standards and Certifications
AAC cables are manufactured according to several international and regional standards, including:
- IEC 61089
- ASTM B231 / B231M
- BS 215 Part 1
- DIN 48201
- IS 398 Part 1
These ensure uniformity in quality, safety, and performance across global projects.
Installation Guidelines
Best Practices for AAC Cable Installation:
- Use anti-oxidation compound during jointing.
- Avoid excessive mechanical stress during stringing.
- Maintain recommended clearances between conductors and structures.
- Ensure proper tensioning to avoid sag or conductor breakage.
- AAC cables should not be used where long spans or heavy ice loading is expected.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: What is the main difference between AAC and ACSR cable?
AAC is composed entirely of aluminium strands, while ACSR includes a steel core that increases mechanical strength. AAC is better for short spans; ACSR is better for long spans.
Q2: Where is AAC cable most commonly used?
It is most commonly used in urban and coastal power distribution systems where short spans and high conductivity are needed.
Q3: Is AAC cable suitable for high-voltage transmission?
AAC is typically used for low to medium voltage lines. For high-voltage and long-distance transmission, ACSR or AAAC is often preferred.
Q4: What size AAC cable should I use for a 100A load?
It depends on several factors including distance, voltage, and allowable voltage drop. A typical value might be 35-50 mm², but a load calculation is recommended.
Q5: Can AAC cable be used underground?
AAC cables are not designed for underground use without proper insulation and protection. Use armoured or insulated versions if buried installation is needed.
AAC Cable Selection Tips
When choosing the right AAC cable, consider:
- Span Length: Ideal for spans under 80 meters.
- Environmental Conditions: Excellent for marine, coastal, and industrial zones.
- Current Carrying Capacity: Select based on system load and allowable voltage drop.
- Installation Cost: Lower installation and maintenance cost compared to copper or steel-reinforced alternatives.