Our eyes are delicate organs that allow us to see and experience the world around us. Among different eye conditions, retinal detachment is one of the most serious problems that requires immediate medical attention. If it is not treated on time, it can lead to permanent vision loss. For people living in or visiting the UAE, Retinal Detachment Surgery in Dubai offers advanced treatment options with the latest technology and experienced specialists.
In this article, we will explain what retinal detachment is, its symptoms, causes, treatment options, the surgery process, and recovery details in very simple language.
Understanding the Retina
The retina is a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye. It is responsible for capturing light and sending signals to the brain through the optic nerve. This process allows us to see images clearly. If the retina is damaged or detached, the brain cannot receive proper signals, and vision becomes blurred or lost.
Think of the retina as the “film” in a camera. If the film is damaged or moved out of place, the camera cannot take a clear picture. Similarly, when the retina detaches, the eye cannot function normally.
What is Retinal Detachment?
Retinal detachment happens when the retina separates from the underlying layer of blood vessels that provide it with oxygen and nutrients. Without proper blood supply, the retinal cells start to die. This is why retinal detachment is considered an emergency.
There are three main types of retinal detachment:
- Rhegmatogenous Detachment – The most common type, caused by a tear or hole in the retina that allows fluid to pass through and lift the retina away.
- Tractional Detachment – Usually happens when scar tissue on the retina’s surface pulls it away. This can occur in people with uncontrolled diabetes.
- Exudative Detachment – Caused by fluid buildup under the retina without any tear, often linked to inflammation, injury, or tumors.
Symptoms of Retinal Detachment
Recognizing the symptoms early can save your vision. Common warning signs include:
- Sudden appearance of many floaters (tiny spots or threads in vision).
- Bright flashes of light, especially in peripheral vision.
- A shadow or curtain-like effect spreading across the visual field.
- Blurred vision that does not improve with glasses.
- Gradual reduction in side (peripheral) vision.
If you notice any of these symptoms, you must visit an eye specialist immediately. Delaying treatment can make surgery less effective.
Causes and Risk Factors
Retinal detachment can happen to anyone, but some factors increase the risk:
- Aging – As people get older, the gel-like substance in the eye (vitreous) shrinks and pulls on the retina.
- Severe nearsightedness (myopia) – People with high myopia have thinner retinas, which makes them more prone to tears.
- Previous eye surgery – Especially cataract removal.
- Eye injury or trauma – Accidents or sports injuries can lead to retinal tears.
- Family history – Genetics can play a role.
- Medical conditions – Such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or inflammatory disorders.
Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment
When a patient shows symptoms, an eye specialist will perform several tests, such as:
- Dilated eye exam – To check for tears, holes, or detachment.
- Ultrasound imaging – Useful if the eye is too cloudy to see through.
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) – Provides detailed images of the retina.
Early diagnosis is key because treatment is more successful if done before the central retina (macula) detaches.
Treatment Options for Retinal Detachment
The main treatment is surgery. However, the choice of surgery depends on the type, size, and location of the detachment. The most common procedures include:
- Laser Surgery (Photocoagulation)
- Used for small retinal tears.
- The surgeon applies laser around the tear to create a scar that seals the retina to the underlying tissue.
- Cryotherapy (Freezing Treatment)
- A freezing probe is used to create scar tissue around the tear.
- Pneumatic Retinopexy
- A gas bubble is injected into the eye to push the retina back in place.
- Often combined with laser or cryotherapy.
- Scleral Buckling
- A small silicone band is placed around the eye to push the wall of the eye against the detached retina.
- This method has been used successfully for many years.
- Vitrectomy
- The most common modern approach.
- The surgeon removes the vitreous gel and replaces it with a gas bubble or silicone oil to press the retina back in place.
Retinal Detachment Surgery in Dubai
Dubai has become one of the leading centers for advanced eye care. Hospitals and specialized clinics in the city use the latest technology and modern surgical tools. Patients benefit from:
- Highly experienced eye surgeons trained internationally.
- Advanced diagnostic tools like OCT and high-resolution imaging.
- State-of-the-art operation theaters designed for delicate eye procedures.
- Comprehensive post-surgery care, ensuring faster recovery.
Accessibility and international patient care also make Dubai a preferred destination for people seeking retinal detachment surgery.
Preparing for Surgery
If your doctor recommends surgery, here’s what you can expect:
- Pre-surgery tests – Including eye imaging, blood tests, and general health checks.
- Discussion about anesthesia – Depending on the case, surgery may be performed under local or general anesthesia.
- Instructions on medication – You may be asked to stop certain medicines before surgery.
- Fasting requirement – If general anesthesia is needed, you might need to avoid food and drinks for a few hours before surgery.
The Surgery Process
While the method depends on the type of detachment, most surgeries involve these steps:
- The surgeon makes tiny cuts in the eye to insert instruments.
- Any vitreous pulling on the retina is removed.
- A gas bubble or silicone oil may be placed inside the eye to keep the retina in position.
- The surgical wounds are closed, often without stitches since they are very small.
The entire procedure usually takes 1–2 hours, though complex cases may take longer.
Recovery After Surgery
Recovery is an important phase, and patients must follow the surgeon’s advice carefully.
- Positioning – If a gas bubble is used, patients may need to keep their head in a specific position for several days to help the bubble press the retina correctly.
- Activity restrictions – Avoid heavy lifting, bending, or strenuous activities.
- Eye drops – Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops will be prescribed.
- Follow-up visits – Regular check-ups are needed to ensure healing.
- Vision changes – Vision improvement can take weeks to months. Some patients may need glasses after surgery.
Possible Risks and Complications
Like all surgeries, retinal detachment surgery has some risks. These may include:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Increased eye pressure (glaucoma)
- Formation of cataracts
- Re-detachment of the retina
- Vision not fully restored
Fortunately, with modern techniques, the success rate of retinal detachment surgery is very high, especially when treated early.
Lifestyle and Prevention Tips
Although not all cases can be prevented, some steps can reduce the risk:
- Get regular eye check-ups, especially if you are over 50 or highly myopic.
- Protect your eyes during sports or activities with a high risk of injury.
- Control medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
- Pay attention to warning signs like flashes, floaters, or shadows in vision.
Conclusion
Retinal detachment is a medical emergency that needs immediate care. With modern facilities and advanced treatments available, Retinal Detachment Surgery in Dubai provides patients with safe and effective solutions. If you ever experience sudden vision changes, do not delay seeking professional help.
Specialists like Dr. Mandeep Lamba and other experienced ophthalmologists in Dubai are well-equipped to diagnose and treat retinal conditions, helping patients protect and restore their vision. Early detection, quick treatment, and proper care can make a life-changing difference.